Direct & Indirect Speech Rules – UP Board 2026

Direct & Indirect Speech: Simple Present

विषय: अंग्रेजी व्याकरण (UP Board Exam 2026)

मुख्य नियम (Golden Rule): यदि Reporting Verb भूतकाल (Past Tense) में हो (जैसे: Said), तो Reported Speech का Simple Present टेंस Simple Past में बदल जाता है।

1. Affirmative (सकारात्मक वाक्य)

नियम: जोड़ने के लिए ‘that’ का प्रयोग करें और क्रिया की पहली अवस्था ($V_1$) को दूसरी अवस्था ($V_2$) में बदलें।

Direct: Ram said, “I write a letter.”
Indirect: Ram said that he wrote a letter.

2. Negative (नकारात्मक वाक्य)

नियम: Do not / Does not को हटाकर Did not का प्रयोग करें।

Direct: She said, “I do not like tea.”
Indirect: She said that she did not like tea.

3. Interrogative (प्रश्नवाचक – Yes/No Type)

नियम: ‘Said to’ को Asked में बदलें और जोड़ने के लिए If या Whether का प्रयोग करें।

Direct: He said to me, “Do you play cricket?”
Indirect: He asked me if I played cricket.

4. Double Interrogative (Wh- Type)

नियम: यहाँ ‘that’ या ‘if’ नहीं लगता। प्रश्नवाचक शब्द (Why, Where, What) ही जोड़ने का कार्य करता है।

Direct: I said to him, “Where do you live?”
Indirect: I asked him where he lived.

5. Interrogative Negative

नियम: प्रश्न के साथ ‘not’ होने पर ‘did not’ का प्रयोग करें।

Direct: The teacher said, “Do you not study?”
Indirect: The teacher asked if I did not study.

विशेष ध्यान दें (Universal Truth): यदि वाक्य में कोई शाश्वत सत्य (जैसे: सूरज पूर्व से उगता है) कहा गया हो, तो टेंस नहीं बदलता है।

UP Board Exam 2026 – Direct Indirect Notes

1 SON / 123

यह नियम सबसे महत्वपूर्ण है। इसे याद करने का तरीका:

S (Subject)	O (Object)	N (No Change)
1 (First Person)	2 (Second Person)	3 (Third Person)
I, We, My, Me	You, Your	He, She, It, They, Name

2. वाक्यों के प्रकार (All Types)

A. Affirmative (सकारात्मक)

नियम: $V_1$ → $V_2$ और Conjunction ‘that’ का प्रयोग।

Direct: He said, “I write a letter.”
Indirect: He said that he wrote a letter.

B. Negative (नकारात्मक)

नियम: Do not / Does not → Did not

Direct: She said, “I do not play.”
Indirect: She said that she did not play.

C. Interrogative (Yes/No Type)

नियम: Said to → Asked और Conjunction If/Whether

Direct: He said to me, “Do you know him?”
Indirect: He asked me if I knew him.

D. Double Interrogative (Wh- Type)

नियम: ‘that’ या ‘if’ का प्रयोग न करें। Wh- word ही कनेक्टर बनेगा।

Direct: I said to her, “Where do you live?”
Indirect: I asked her where she lived.

💡 खास परीक्षा टिप (Special Tip)

अगर Reporting Verb ‘Says’ या ‘Will say’ (Present/Future) में है, तो अंदर का Tense नहीं बदलेगा।

UP Board 2026 – 15 Questions Challenge

Affirmative

Q1. He said, “I work hard.”

He said that he worked hard. He said that I worked hard. He said that he works hard. He said that he work hard.

Negative

Q2. She said to me, “You do not help me.”

She told me that I do not help her. She told me that you did not help her. She told me that I did not help her. She told me that I did not help me.

Interrogative

Q3. Ram said to Sita, “Do you love flowers?”

Ram asked Sita if she loved flowers. Ram asked Sita that she loved flowers. Ram told Sita if she loved flowers. Ram asked Sita if you loved flowers.

Wh- Question

Q4. The teacher said, “Why are you late?”

The teacher asked why I am late. The teacher asked why I was late. The teacher asked that why I was late. The teacher asked why was I late.

Int. Negative

Q5. I said to him, “Do you not go to school?”

I asked him if he did not go to school. I asked him if you did not go to school. I told him if he did not go to school. I asked him why he did not go to school.

1st Person Change

Q6. They said, “We play cricket.”

They said that we played cricket. They said that they played cricket. They said that they play cricket. They told that they played cricket.

Double Int.

Q7. He said to her, “Where do you live?”

He asked her where did she live. He asked her where she lives. He asked her where she lived. He told her where she lived.

Universal Truth

Q8. Mother said, “The sun rises in the east.”

Mother said that the sun rose in the east. Mother said that the sun rises in the east. Mother told that the sun rises in the east. Mother asked if the sun rises in the east.

2nd Person Change

Q9. I said to you, “You are a good boy.”

I told you that he was a good boy. I told you that you were a good boy. I told you that I was a good boy. I asked you if you were a good boy.

Reporting Verb: Present

Q10. Ravi says, “I am ill.”

Ravi says that he was ill. Ravi says that he is ill. Ravi said that he was ill. Ravi says that I am ill.

3rd Person Change

Q11. She said, “He does not sing a song.”

She said that he did not sing a song. She said that she did not sing a song. She said that he does not sing a song. She said that he did not sang a song.

Double Int. Neg.

Q12. We said to him, “Why do you not eat?”

We asked him why did he not eat. We asked him why he does not eat. We asked him why he did not eat. We told him why he did not eat.

Int. Negative

Q13. He said, “Do I not help you?”

He asked if he did not help me. He asked if I did not help you. He asked that he did not help me. He told if he did not help me.

Possessive Change

Q14. The boys said, “We do our work.”

The boys said that we did our work. The boys said that they did their work. The boys said that they do their work. The boys told that they did their work.

SON Rule

Q15. You said, “I write a poem.”

You said that you wrote a poem. You said that I wrote a poem. You said that you write a poem. You said that he wrote a poem.

Direct & Indirect Speech: Simple Present

Direct & Indirect Speech: Simple Present

1. Affirmative (सकारात्मक वाक्य)

2. Negative (नकारात्मक वाक्य)

3. Interrogative (प्रश्नवाचक – Yes/No Type)

4. Double Interrogative (Wh- Type)

5. Interrogative Negative

1 SON / 123

2. वाक्यों के प्रकार (All Types)

A. Affirmative (सकारात्मक)

B. Negative (नकारात्मक)

C. Interrogative (Yes/No Type)

D. Double Interrogative (Wh- Type)

💡 खास परीक्षा टिप (Special Tip)

English Grammar Challenge Quiz

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